
Brain – Medial surface
Mental Skills Required

Brain – Medial surface
Mental Skills Required
Brain – Medial surface

Mental Skills Required
Tools involved:
Needed for this topic
Tools involved:
Tools involved:
Frontal Lobe
- part of the frontopolar gyri
- part of the superior frontal gyrus
- part of the paracentral lobule

Frontal Lobe
The medial surface presents the following:
- part of the frontopolar gyri
- part of the superior frontal gyrus
- part of the paracentral lobule
The medial surface is crossed by the callosal sulcus and the cingulate sulcus.

Frontal Lobe
The medial surface presents the following:
- part of the frontopolar gyri
- part of the superior frontal gyrus
- part of the paracentral lobule
The medial surface is crossed by the callosal sulcus and the cingulate sulcus.

Medial surface of the frontal lobe




Central region


Medial surface of the frontal lobe




Central region


Medial surface of the frontal lobe




Central region


Parietal Lobe

Parietal Lobe

Parietal Lobe

Precuneus


Precuneus


Precuneus


Occipital Lobe

Cuneus

The gyrus on the medial surface of the occipital lobe. Anteriorly, it is separated from the precuneus by the parieto-occipital sulcus; inferiorly from the lingula by the calcarine sulcus. Laterally, it is limited by the superior occipital gyrus. The superior and inferior sagittal sulci can be present on the surface of the cuneus, running parallel to the calcarine sulcus.
Calcarine sulcus

The sulcus that originates at the level of the parahippocampal gyrus and the splenium of the corpus callosum. It extends posteriorly ending at the occipital pole. It divides the inferior portion of the cuneus from the lingual gyrus.
The anterior segment of the calcarine sulcus, known as anterior calcarine sulcus, crosses the inferior segment of the parietal occipital sulcus forming a prominence on the medial wall of the occipital horn of the lateral ventricle, called the calcar avis. The caudal portion of the calcarine sulcus on the surface of the occipital lobe. Posteriorly it limits the gyrus descendent of Ecker, running parallel to the occipito-polar sulcus. Usually, it is possible to recognize a T- or Y-shape pattern.
Calcar avis
Lingual gyrus

Occipito-polar sulcus
Gyrus descendent of Ecker
Occipital Lobe

Cuneus

Calcarine sulcus

Calcar avis
Lingual gyrus

Occipito-polar sulcus
Gyrus descendent of Ecker
Occipital Lobe

Cuneus

Calcarine sulcus

Calcar avis
Lingual gyrus

Occipito-polar sulcus
The small fissure parallel to the retrocalcarine sulcus that borders the gyrus descendent of Ecker anteriorly.
Gyrus descendent of Ecker
Other Structures

Lamina terminalis
The anterior wall of the third ventricle, located below the rostrum of the corpus callosum and above the optic chiasm, between the frontal lobes at the level of the interhemispheric fissure.


Corpus callosum


Cingulate sulcus


Cingulate gyrus
The convolution on the medial surface of the hemisphere belonging to the limbic lobe. It embraces the corpus callosum arising at the level of the rostrum, anteriorly to the subcallosal area, separated from the frontal and a portion of the parietal lobe by the cingulate sulcus.
The subparietal sulcus divides the posterior part from the medial surface of the parietal lobe. It ends at the level of the splenium of the corpus callosum. It is composed of three portions: anterior, anterior midcingulate, posterior midcingulate, and isthmus or posterior cortex of the cingulate gyrus. Anteriorly, the rostral portion may be a continuation of the subcallosal area; posteriorly, the isthmus continues to the parahippocampal gyrus.

Isthmus (ICgG)

Pineal gland

Subparietal sulcus (SS) or (sbps)
Groove of the medial surface of the hemisphere, located between the inferior surface of the precuneus and the caudal portion of the cingulate gyrus; it is the continuation of the cingulate sulcus posteriorly. It is characterized by different patterns: H, oblique, single or triple upward branch and double horizontal sulci pattern.
Other Structures

Lamina terminalis


Corpus callosum


Cingulate sulcus


Cingulate gyrus

Isthmus (ICgG)

Pineal gland

Subparietal sulcus (SS) or (sbps)
Other Structures

Lamina terminalis


Corpus callosum


Cingulate sulcus


Cingulate gyrus

Isthmus (ICgG)

Pineal gland

Subparietal sulcus (SS) or (sbps)

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Supported by the European Union
This project has received funding from the Eropean Union's H2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement n.880895

Supported by the European Union
This project has received funding from the Eropean Union's H2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement n.880895
Supported by the European Union
This project has received funding from the Eropean Union’s H2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement n.880895

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